New Zealand to ban military style weapons after mosque shooting

New Zealand will ban all types of semi-automatic weapons and assault rifles following the Christchurch attacks, Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern has said.

The announcement comes less than a week after 50 people were killed at two mosques, allegedly by a lone gunman.

Ardern said she expected new legislation to be in place by 11 April, saying: "Our history changed forever. Now, our laws will too."

All of the dead have now been formally identified, police have confirmed.

One man has been charged with one murder. Australian Brenton Tarrant, a self-proclaimed white supremacist, is expected to face further charges.

However, police said on Thursday that the person he has formally been accused of murdering was wrongly declared to be dead.

They said they had apologized to the woman and her family, and that the charge sheet would be updated when the suspect next appeared in court on 5 April.

What will change and how soon?

"Related parts used to convert these guns into MSSAs are also being banned, along with all high-capacity magazines."

An amnesty has been imposed so the owners of affected weapons can hand them in, and a buy-back scheme will follow.

Ardern said the buy-back could cost up to NZ$200m ($138m; £104m), but "that is the price that we must pay to ensure the safety of our communities".

The prime minister has called the Christchurch attacker a terrorist and said she will not utter his name.

The lone gunman, armed with semi-automatic rifles including an AR-15, is believed to have modified his weapons with high-capacity magazines.

Ardern said measures had also been introduced to prevent gun stockpiling before the law changes.

As of Thursday, several weapons have been reclassified as military style semi-automatic firearms, making them harder to buy.
"For many people, you will now be in unlawful possession of your firearm," Police Commissioner Mike Bush said.

He urged affected gun owners to call police or access their website for instructions and to avoid turning up at police stations with their weapons.

What did the PM tell gun owners?

She said many gun owners had "acted within the law" but that "the vast majority of legitimate gun owners in New Zealand will understand that these moves are in the national interest".

As with Australia's gun reforms in 1996, exemptions will be made for farmers who need weapons for pest control and animal welfare.

Police minister Stuart Nash, who was present at the prime minister's press conference, said it was "a privilege and not a right to own a firearm in New Zealand".

How will the law be changed?

Ardern said the legislation would be introduced when parliament sits in the first week of April.

There would be a "short, sharp select committee process" for feedback on technical aspects of the law, she said, and changes to the Arms Act should be passed within the next session.

Once the amnesty period ends, anyone in possession of a banned weapon would face a fine of up to NZ$4,000 and three years in jail.

New Zealand has tried - and failed - to reform its gun laws several times in the past two decades, but the momentum for change is now overwhelming.

Owners will be forced to surrender proscribed firearms and will be compensated, but those who resist could be prosecuted.

A major hurdle for the authorities is that no-one knows how many assault rifles and military-style semi-automatic weapons are out there. New Zealand's Police Association has said there also needs to be a register of all guns and their owners.

That could happen in the next round of amendments promised by the prime minister, which will focus on licensing and registration. She has broad public support following the atrocities in Christchurch.

Earlier, MPs in the capital, Wellington, were handed a petition with more than 65,000 signatures demanding tougher laws. Some gun owners aren't happy, insisting that vetting procedures were already strict enough. They are, though, swimming against the tide.

What has the reaction been?

Survivor Kawthar Abulaban, 54, who was at the Al Noor mosque, welcomed the move: "It's a good thing, why would we need to have guns like this in our houses?" she told AFP.

The leader of New Zealand's opposition National Party, Simon Bridges, backed the changes and said it was "imperative in the national interest [that] we keep New Zealanders safe."

The move drew strong responses in the US, where campaigners against gun violence frequently clash with the pro-gun lobby.
Democratic Senator Bernie Sanders called for America to follow New Zealand's lead, tweeting: "This is what real action to stop gun violence looks like."

In response, National Rifle Association (NRA) spokeswoman Dana Loesch cited the Second Amendment of the US constitution, which gives Americans the right to carry guns.

"The US isn't NZ," she tweeted. "While they do not have an inalienable right to bear arms and to self-defense, we do."